ஆதிவாசி இனங்கள்

தோடர்


லம்பாடிகள்

சோளகர்

SNAKE VENOM EXTRACTION

The Irula Co-operative society is a self-help project recognised by the State government of Tamil Nadu. The project taps the skills of the Irula tribe in venom production, rodent control and termite control. The Irulas are expert snake catchers and this skill was earlier being exploited by smuggling cartels to procure snakeskins for the international market. But following the ban of this trade for ecological reasons, the Irulas were deprived their means of living. The Irula Snake Catcher’s Society now buys venomous snakes from the Irula members, extracts the venom and then the snakes are released back to the wild. The venom is then sold to laboratories. The antidote is prepared by injecting a small and non lethal dose of venom ‘milked’ from the fangs of a live King Cobra, into a healthy horse. Once the horse’s body has developed antibodies to the venom, blood is removed from the jugular vein of the horse. The blood is then mixed with an anticoagulant and a preservative, and the antibodies are separated and stored as antivenin. The snakes from which venom is extracted are known as the ‘Big Four’. They are the most dangerous snakes in India - the Cobra, Krait, Russells Viper and Saw scaled Viper. The venom is extracted at the Snake Venom Extraction Centre located in the precincts of the Madras Crocodile Bank (MCB) on East Coast Road. Uses of Snake Venom Snake venom is used to make anti-venom serum – the only real cure for snakebites. Another use of snake venom is in medicine, as it contains many useful enzymes, proteins and toxins. Russells Viper Venom is a coagulant and is used to control bleeding, while Cobra venom is used to control Cancer and also relieve pain. Captive breeding of King Cobra at Madras Crocodile Bank The Madras Crocodile Bank or Centre for Herpetology successfully bred King Cobras in 1996. 29 hatchlings resulted from the eggs of three females. Although King Cobras are primarily snake-eaters in nature, the hatchlings and the adults that produced them have become accustomed to feeding on rats. The largest of the hatchlings is now 2.45 meters and the others average 1.2 – 1.4 meters. Click here to know more about Snake Park in Guindy, Madras Crocodile Bank or its Director - Romulus Whitaker THE KING COBRA The King Cobra (Ophiophagus Hannah) or ‘Nalla Pambu’ as it is known in Tamil, is considered the most dangerous of all snakes. It lives near streams, in dense or open forests, bamboo thickets, or adjacent agricultural areas and dense mangrove swamps. It is found in South West and North East India, East to South East China including Hong Kong, throughout the Malay Peninsula and East to Western Indonesia and the Phillipines. A number of geographically distinct variations with a number of colour / pattern variations are known due to the King’s broad geographic range. The King's head is as big as a man’s hand and the amount of venom from one bite of the King is enough to kill an elephant or 20 people. King Cobras are the only snakes known to construct a nest for their eggs. The female scoops rotted leaves and similar vegetation into a pile and the material is gathered together using the loops of the body. The nest is generally composed of two compartments in which the lower one holds 20 to 40 eggs and the guarding female occupies the upper compartment. The female remains with the nest throughout the 60 to 85 day incubation period and will remain until the hatching occurs. The female Cobra leaves the nest after hatching and the hatchlings are left to fend for themselves. The male plays no part in taking care of the nest or after the eggs hatch.

படுகா

http://www.tn.gov.in/department/adtw.htm

Tamil Nadu Census 2001

Population, Literates, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
by Districts

Population

State / District		Region	Population
			Person	Male	Female
1		2	3	4	5
TAMILNADU		Total	62405679	31400909	31004770
		Rural	34921681	17531494	17390187
		Urban	27483998	13869415	13614583
1	Ariyalur	Total	695524	346763	348761
		Rural	616539	307670	308869
		Urban	78985	39093	39892
2	Chennai	Total	4343645	2219539	2124106
		Rural	0	0	0
		Urban	4343645	2219539	2124106
3	Coimbatore	Total	4271856	2176031	2095825
		Rural	1451653	734699	716954
		Urban	2820203	1441332	1378871
4	Cuddalore	Total	2285395	1150908	1134487
		Rural	1531034	771786	759248
		Urban	754361	379122	375239
5	Dharmapuri	Total	2856300	1473597	1382703
		Rural	2400354	1240122	1160232
		Urban	455946	233475	222471
6	Dindigul	Total	1923014	968137	954877
		Rural	1249762	629073	620689
		Urban	673252	339064	334188
7	Erode	Total	2581500	1309278	1272222
		Rural	1387537	705436	682101
		Urban	1193963	603842	590121
8	Kancheepuram	Total	2877468	1457242	1420226
		Rural	1342502	676095	666407
		Urban	1534966	781147	753819
9	Kanniyakumari	Total	1676034	832269	843765
		Rural	582107	289516	292591
		Urban	1093927	542753	551174
10	Karur	Total	935686	465538	470148
		Rural	624430	310922	313508
		Urban	311256	154616	156640
11	Madurai	Total	2578201	1303363	1274838
		Rural	1134025	573036	560989
		Urban	1444176	730327	713849
12	Nagapattinam	Total	1488839	739074	749765
		Rural	1158557	576010	582547
		Urban	330282	163064	167218
13	Namakkal	Total	1493462	759551	733911
		Rural	948230	482365	465865
		Urban	545232	277186	268046
14	Perambalur	Total	493646	246141	247505
		Rural	414426	206807	207619
		Urban	79220	39334	39886
15	Pudukkottai	Total	1459601	724300	735301
		Rural	1211217	600511	610706
		Urban	248384	123789	124595
16	Ramanathapuram	Total	1187604	583376	604228
		Rural	885210	433290	451920
		Urban	302394	150086	152308
17	Salem	Total	3016346	1563633	1452713
		Rural	1626162	852453	773709
		Urban	1390184	711180	679004
18	Sivaganga	Total	1155356	566947	588409
		Rural	829272	405093	424179
		Urban	326084	161854	164230
19	Thanjavur	Total	2216138	1096638	1119500
		Rural	1467577	726493	741084
		Urban	748561	370145	378416
20	The Nilgiris	Total	762141	378351	383790
		Rural	307532	151874	155658
		Urban	454609	226477	228132
21	Theni	Total	1093950	552986	540964
		Rural	502109	255152	246957
		Urban	591841	297834	294007
22	Thiruvallur	Total	2754756	1397407	1357349
		Rural	1254674	629052	625622
		Urban	1500082	768355	731727
23	Thiruvarur	Total	1169474	580784	588690
		Rural	932231	463502	468729
		Urban	237243	117282	119961
24	Thoothukkudi	Total	1572273	766823	805450
		Rural	907500	439254	468246
		Urban	664773	327569	337204
25	Tiruchirappalli	Total	2418366	1208534	1209832
		Rural	1279204	638617	640587
		Urban	1139162	569917	569245
26	Tirunelveli	Total	2723988	1333939	1390049
		Rural	1415742	688797	726945
		Urban	1308246	645142	663104
27	Tiruvannamalai	Total	2186125	1095859	1090266
		Rural	1785364	895738	889626
		Urban	400761	200121	200640
28	Vellore	Total	3477317	1741083	1736234
		Rural	2169319	1088090	1081229
		Urban	1307998	652993	655005
29	Viluppuram	Total	2960373	1492442	1467931
		Rural	2533456	1277415	1256041
		Urban	426917	215027	211890
30	Virudhunagar	Total	1751301	870376	880925
		Rural	973956	482626	491330
		Urban	777345	387750	389595

Source: Tamil Nadu Census 2001

Name of the Officer/ Office	Email Address
District Collector	collrcbe@tn.nic.in collr@kovai.tn.nic.in
District Revenue Officer	dro@kovai.tn.nic.in
District Rural Development Agency	drda@kovai.tn.nic.in
Special Deputy Collector (Grievances)	sdccbe@tn.nic.in
Personal Assistant to Collector (Small Savings)	pass@kovai.tn.nic.in
District Planning Cell	dpc@kovai.tn.nic.in
IG Registration	igregn@kovai.tn.nic.in
DIG Registration	digrcbe@kovai.tn.nic.in
District Registrar	drcbe@kovai.tn.nic.in
District Court	court@kovai.tn.nic.in
DIG Prisons	digcbe@kovai.tn.nic.in
Deputy Commissioner, Commercial Tax (Terr)	ctdcterr@kovai.tn.nic.in
Commercial Tax (Enfo)	ctdcenfo@kovai.tn.nic.in
Assistant Director, Employment and Training	det@kovai.tn.nic.in
Deputy Director, Health Services	ddhscbe@vsnl.net
Assistant Director, Statistics	adscbe@sancharnet.in
Joint Director (Agri)	jdagracbe@kovai.tn.nic.in jdagrcbe@hotmail.com
Coimbatore Market Committee	ulavar2k@md5.vsnl.net.in
Agrl. Marketing Office, Tirupur	tuprmsup@vsnl.net
Director of Seed Certification	dir-seed@kovai.tn.nic.in
Assistant Director of Seed Certification	ad-seed@kovai.tn.nic.in
Seed Testing Laboratory	seedlab@kovai.tn.nic.in
PWD Construction Division	pwdcd@kovai.tn.nic.in
Superintending Engineer, PWD, Bhavani Basin Circle WRO	pwdbbc@kovai.tn.nic.in
Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering	ciaeiep@kovai.tn.nic.in
Chief Engineer, Water Resources Organisation, Pollachi Region	cewropr@kovai.tn.nic.in
District Passport Cell	dpccbe@kovai.tn.nic.in
General Manager, District Industries Centre	dictncbe@kovai.tn.nic.in gmdiccbe@rediffmail.com
TWAD Board	twad@kovai.tn.nic.in
Central Water Commission	cwccsro@kovai.tn.nic.in
CPWD (Electrical Division)	cpwd@kovai.tn.nic.in
Commissioner of Central Excise	cexcbe@kovai.tn.nic.in cexcoimb@excise.nic.in
Registrar of Companies	roccbe@tn.nic.in
National Informatics Centre	cbe@tn.nic.in

collectors email ids

District	E- Mail Address
Ariyalur	collrari@tn.nic.in
Chennai	collrchn@tn.nic.in
Coimbatore	collrcbe@tn.nic.in
Cuddalore	collrcud@tn.nic.in
Dharmapuri	collrdpi@tn.nic.in
Dindigul	collrdgl@tn.nic.in
Erode	collrerd@tn.nic.in
Kancheepuram	collrkpm@tn.nic.in
Kanniyakumari	collrkkm@tn.nic.in
Karur	collrkar@tn.nic.in
Krishnagiri	collrkgi@tn.nic.in
Madurai	collrmdu@tn.nic.in
Nagapattinam	collrngp@tn.nic.in
Namakkal	collrnmk@tn.nic.in
Nilgiris	collrnlg@tn.nic.in
Perambalur	collrpmb@tn.nic.in
Pudukkottai	collrpdk@tn.nic.in
Ramanathapuram	collrrmd@tn.nic.in
Salem	collrslm@tn.nic.in
Sivaganga	collrsvg@tn.nic.in
Thanjavur	collrtnj@tn.nic.in
Theni	collrthn@tn.nic.in
Thiruvallur	collrtlr@tn.nic.in
Thiruvarur	collrtvr@tn.nic.in
Tiruchirappalli	collrtry@tn.nic.in
Tirunelveli	collrtnv@tn.nic.in
Tiruvannamalai	collrtvm@tn.nic.in
Thoothukudi	collrtut@tn.nic.in
Vellore	collrvel@tn.nic.in
Villupuram	collrvpm@tn.nic.in
Virudhunagar	collrvnr@tn.nic.in

Minister for Adi Dravidar Welfare	Tmt. Tamilarasi Phone: 25670401 (O)
Secretary to the Government	Thiru. V. Kanagaraj IAS Phone: 25671848 (O), 24313133 (R), 25672446 (Fax) Email: adisec@tn.gov.in